Distilling apparatus



Marl@ 1923.

, H. BOLLMANN DISTILLING APPARATUS Filed July lO,

Patented Mar. 20, 1923.

PATENT OFFICE,

HERMANN BOLLMANN, 0F HAMBURG, GERMANY.

DISTILLING APPARATUS.

Application led I uly 10, 1922. Serial No. 573,982.

To all whom it may concern: p

Be it known that I, HERMANN BOLLMANN, a citizen of Hamburo', Germany, residing at Hamburg, State of (1er-many, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Distilling Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to a distilling apparatus and more particularly refers to an improved still with still-head for continuously evaporating solutions.

Evaporating-apparatus with several separate heating-chambers have already become known. In these apparatus the temperature of the several chambers is gradually increaed according to the concentration of the liquid to be evaporated. These apparatus are usually of the sprinkler or circulation type in f which the liquid to be evaporated contacts with the heating element in the formof athin film. Such apparatus, however, are not vvery appropriate for treating liquids from which when being evaporated there result solid matters or residues, which unfavorably iniiuence the heat-conducting power and are themselves decomposed by direct heating and superheating.

The objectof the invention is now to produceva still provided with a head or dome and1-'5subdivided into several compartments furnished with overflow-pipes, the said compartment having heating means adapted to heat the liquid in the said compartments to successively increasing degrees of temperature in the direction of the How of the lliquid to be evaporated. According to this invention, the liquids in the several compartments are heated only up to the boiling point of these several liquid-portions to be evaporated.

Furthermore the compartments are alwz` ys entirely filled up with liquid to be evapo- ,rated as the same continuously icws in and out,whence it follows that the heating means, heating coils for example, are alwaysv cov- Y ered with liquid and separated solid matters are revented from depositing on the said heatlng coils and from being decomposed by the direct heat.

In the accompanying drawings I have shown by way of example a distilling apparatus constructed in accordance with and embodying my invention.

still a through t Fig. 1 shows a sectional elevation of the improved still with head and Fig. 2 a horizontal cross-sectional view taken on the line II-II of Figure 1.

Similar letters of reference refer to like parts throughout the several figures.

The lower-part of the still a is subdivided into four compartments b, c, d, e, by suitable partitions f, g, It, z', each of said compartments being provided with a heating coil, only one of which is shown in the drawing, in compartment b, this coil being indicated at a1. The heating-steam is supplied to the heating coils by means of suitable inlet 'valvss c Z m and n. In connection with each of the supply-pipes leading to the said steam-inlet valves is placed a suitable device not shown) for controlling the temperature.

ccording to the boiling points of the liquid mixture to be evaporated, a temperature may be chosen for the first compartment, for example of for the second of 70, for the third of 80, and for the fourth of 100 C.

Between the several compartments there are arranged overiow-pipes 0 having each an inlet opening in from one compartment and a discharge -opening y into the next compartment. The solid matters or residues from the evaporation may discharge from the last compartment e through an outlet g. Over the upper end of the stlll proper a is erected a head or dome 1' provided at its base with a suitable grating 3 preferably of fia-tbar iron and lilled with a retardation-filling as indicated by the letter t. c

The fresh solution enters through the inlet u and drops after having traversed the dome 1' in downward direction, onto a collecting pan w or the like by means of which it is directed into the compartment b. The vapors formed in the apparatus 'rise up into the uppermost part @of the dome and escape through the discharge neck o.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows:

The solution enters (as a continuous slow current) into the first compartment b least heated, flows then into the second compartment c, thence into'the third compartment d, and finally into most highly heated. The extract freed from the solvent escalpes from the bottom vof the e outlet neck g, whereas the the fourth compartment e` solvent-vapors formed in the several compartments are collected fin the uppermost su ply of fresh solution.

e retarding filling t, arranged in the dome 7 below the inlet of the solution supply pipe and the outlet neck for the vapors, renders possible the utilization of the heat lof the vapors for preheating the fresh solution.

kThe pipes o serve as overflow outlets by means of which the specifically heavier parts of the liquid resting on the still-bottom are passed into the next compartment.

I claim:

In a distilling apparatus the combination of a closed evaporator structure having a boiler and a head, of vertical partitions, subdividing the lower portion of the boiler intfa plurality of compartments, such compartments being in vapor free communication with each other attheir tops, pipes connecting the bottom of each of said compartments with the next succeeding compartment, whereby" the liquid is delivered from the lower part of one compartment into the upper part of the next compartment of the series, such pipes being of substantial smaller cross section than such com artments and being free from heating coi s therein, and of means for separately heating the liquid in the successive compartments to successively higher temperatures.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing,r as my invention, I have si ed m name.

HERMANN BOLL ANN. 

